Abstract

Response to medical treatment may be insufficient in Parkinson’s disease or long-term medical treatment may result in motor fluctuations and dyskinesias. Ablative surgery or surgical treatments including deep brain stimulation may be beneficial in these patients. Ablative methods include thalamotomy, pallidotomy and subthlamotomy. Deep brain stimulation may be administered in thalamic ventral intermediate nucleus, subthalamic nucleus, globus pallidus interna and pedunculopontine nucleus. In recent years, noninvasive approaches such as gamma knife thalamotomy and transcranial magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound have acquired currency in patients with higher surgical risk. In this review article, we examined which surgical methods may be selected in several conditions in Parkinson’s patients.